Sufism and Mysticism
اسداله Vahed; Hadi Sadeghi; Mohammad Mahdipour; Ebrahim Ranjbar
Abstract
«احمد یسوی» یکی از مشایخ مشهور و تأثیرگذار در خطّۀ ترکستان در قرن ششم بوده است. حرکت صوفیانه و سلوک عرفانی وی به نام «یسویّه» در جهان اسلام شهرت یافته است که ...
Read More
«احمد یسوی» یکی از مشایخ مشهور و تأثیرگذار در خطّۀ ترکستان در قرن ششم بوده است. حرکت صوفیانه و سلوک عرفانی وی به نام «یسویّه» در جهان اسلام شهرت یافته است که در اسلامی شدن آناتولی نقش مهمی ایفا کرده‌است و با فراز و نشیب‌هایی در آسیای صغیر حیات داشته است. یسویّه به عنوان اولین طریقتی تلقّی می‌شود که در میان ترکان پدید آمد؛ این جریان دینی ابتدا در شهر «یسی» یا «ترکستان» پدیدآمد و سپس آوازۀ آن کل ماوراءالنّهر را درنوردید و در آسیای صغیر نیز گسترش یافت. اهمّیّت اصلی طریقت یسویّه از این منظر است که توانست متناسب با سطح اندیشه، زبان و فرهنگِ ترکمانان، از ترکستان تا آناتولی، عقاید عرفانی و آداب و اصول صوفیانه‌شان را اشاعه و تبلیغ کند و با استفاده از اشعار عامیانۀ آهنگینی که ریشه در روح ملّی و آداب آن قوم داشت، روح بسیط و بی‌آلایش آن‌ها را مجذوب اسلام و تصوّف کند و در نهایت فرهنگ و اجتماع آسیای صغیر را آمادۀ ورود و پذیرش آرای فرقه‌های مختلفی که اغلب آن‌ها اصل خراسانی داشت، گرداند. با توجه به این‌که تاکنون تحقیقی در مورد نقد و بررسی آراء و آدابِ یسویّه و گسترش این طریقت در آسیای صغیر صورت نپذیرفته‌است. نگارندگان این پژوهش برآنند که با استناد به آثار مکتوب و منسوبِ شخصِ احمد یسوی، به شرح و تفسیر عقاید صوفیانه و آداب طریقت یسویّه و تطبیق آن‌ها با تصوّف خراسان بپردازند تا از این طریق ماهیّت عرفانی و تأثیر فرهنگی و فکری این طریقت در آسیای صغیر آشکار و مشخّص شود.
Literary theories
Assadollah Vahed; mohamad ali karamfar
Abstract
The Safavid era is one of the most important periods in the history of Persian language and literature, and valuable works of poets and cultural geography literature of this period have been remembered. The cultural sphere of the Indian subcontinent and Central Asia was more important in this era, and ...
Read More
The Safavid era is one of the most important periods in the history of Persian language and literature, and valuable works of poets and cultural geography literature of this period have been remembered. The cultural sphere of the Indian subcontinent and Central Asia was more important in this era, and the contribution of Indian scholars in the field of vocabulary, criticism and linguistics was sometimes greater than that of Iranian writers. One of the most prominent literary figures of the subcontinent, Siraj-ud-Din Ali Khan Arzoust, who has rendered valuable services to Persian literature by composing more than twenty works. Fruitful is one of his valuable works. In this book, Arezoo talks about linguistic issues, phonological processes of exchange, heart, decrease and increase of phonology, and Iranian acquisitions in Arabic and Hindi words. In writing this work, he has commented on the book of Al-Muzahar Suyuti. Arezoo is one of the pioneers in the field of linguistics and one of the first to realize the harmony between Persian and Hindi. This work is a chapter on the compatibility and agreement of Persian and Arabic, Persian and Hindi and Tafris, and the compatibility of Persian and Hindi words has been studied from various angles, and in addition, throughout this work, several words are used according to the issues raised. In this article, the authors intend to provide the audience with a perspective on the mechanisms of Persian and Hindi language by presenting evidence to the audience.
Lyrical and Didactic Literature
Assadollah Vahed; Meisam Jafarian
Abstract
Perhaps there is no text like Divan-I Hafiz in which the author himself makes so much changes in it. In fact the main variants is the work of the poet himself who has developed the poem to literal and spiritual perfection. If we want to make a meaningful relationship between poetical aspects of Hafiz ...
Read More
Perhaps there is no text like Divan-I Hafiz in which the author himself makes so much changes in it. In fact the main variants is the work of the poet himself who has developed the poem to literal and spiritual perfection. If we want to make a meaningful relationship between poetical aspects of Hafiz that is to say short of words, exemplifications in speech, the broken form of discourse, resemblances of the poet with predecessors and his contemporaries, the hypothesis that Hafiz has had frequent studies on others steady works is reinforced. Sometimes his variant transcriptions in his poems exist exactly in past literary texts and sometimes the difference in the transcriptions is at the result of different scientific sources which Hafiz has refered to them and meditated in them. As if, it is probable that one of the creative factors of this different variants is because of the Hafiz research texts themselves. Searching in intertextualities of Hafiz poems make it possible for reader the reasonable understanding of Hafiz mind and language and also the scientific and critical edition of his poem. Up until now, the Hagia Sophia manuscript -copied in 1410 AD- and the Khalkhali manuscript -copied in 1424 AD- have been considered as two head / base-text in the valid editions of the Divan-I Hafiz, By introduction and publishing facsimile edition of Noor Uthmaniya Library manuscript -copied in 1398-99 AD, it seems to be necessary the critical review / edition of this manuscript's readings compared to existing ones
Asad allah Vahed; Taha Saderi
Volume 67, Issue 229 , January 0, , Pages 137-155
Abstract
Most of the quatrains attributed to Omar Khayyam are also attributed to other poets in different Persian literary old books. This has caused confusion among scholars in finding real pieces of Khayyam's written poems. Though doing a lot of job by many researchers in sifting the quatrains, it seems that ...
Read More
Most of the quatrains attributed to Omar Khayyam are also attributed to other poets in different Persian literary old books. This has caused confusion among scholars in finding real pieces of Khayyam's written poems. Though doing a lot of job by many researchers in sifting the quatrains, it seems that there is steel a long way to go. In this paper we have studied eleven common quatrains of Omar Khayyam and Hafiz which are also attributed to other poets. Paying attention to the manuscripts that included those quatrains and analyzing the stylistic, theme and motif points of each quatrain we finally concluded whom each quatrain belongs to.
Assadollah vahed; Mir Jalil Akrami; Mahnaz Samandari
Volume 68, Issue 231 , January 0, , Pages 137-155
Abstract
Interaction, effect and influence of culture, language and literature among different nationalities in unavoidable. Considering effecting on other cultures and languages and at the same time, being impressionable from them, has a long term and noticeable history for Persian language and literature. Turkish ...
Read More
Interaction, effect and influence of culture, language and literature among different nationalities in unavoidable. Considering effecting on other cultures and languages and at the same time, being impressionable from them, has a long term and noticeable history for Persian language and literature. Turkish literature and language is among the ones that has had the most interaction with Farsi language and literature. In specific time periods, this relation has been highlighted because of the political necessities, and alternatively, it is observable due to the emerging technologies and fluidity of European and western countries. Edebiyate-e Divani is defined as a six-centuries long Turkish literature, from 13th century up to mid nineteens century, which can be considered as Islamic Turkish epoch until literature of “edebiyate tenzimi”. Majority of created literary works in Divani-e Othmany period, are affected by Farsi traditional literature and also has been saturated by Farsi words and phrases to the extent that with a glance and nontechnical investigation, it can be traced easily. Based on the Othman literary works and also considering researchers of next periods, it can be concluded that this influence is not limited to the unconscious fluidity and indirectly effect, but also it has been tried intentionally to make the literary works as much as possible similar to the Farsi poets and their works in a mimicry way. In this paper, considering Turkish Edebiyate-e Divani in Saljoughian and ottoman epoch, the effect of Persian poets on the works of poets in this period has been investigated.
